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Rename

.. highlight:: c

.. _function-objects:

Function Objects
----------------

.. index:: object: function

There are a few functions specific to Python functions.

.. c:type:: PyFunctionObject

The C structure used for functions.

.. c:var:: PyTypeObject PyFunction_Type

.. index:: single: MethodType (in module types)

This is an instance of :c:type:`PyTypeObject` and represents the Python function
   type.  It is exposed to Python programmers as ``types.FunctionType``.

.. c:function:: int PyFunction_Check(PyObject *o)

Return true if *o* is a function object (has type :c:data:`PyFunction_Type`).
   The parameter must not be ``NULL``.  This function always succeeds.

.. c:function:: PyObject* PyFunction_New(PyObject *code, PyObject *globals)

Return a new function object associated with the code object *code*. *globals*
   must be a dictionary with the global variables accessible to the function.

The function's docstring and name are retrieved from the code object. *__module__*
   is retrieved from *globals*. The argument defaults, annotations and closure are
   set to ``NULL``. *__qualname__* is set to the same value as the function's name.

.. c:function:: PyObject* PyFunction_NewWithQualName(PyObject *code, PyObject *globals, PyObject *qualname)

As :c:func:`PyFunction_New`, but also allows setting the function object's
   ``__qualname__`` attribute.  *qualname* should be a unicode object or ``NULL``;
   if ``NULL``, the ``__qualname__`` attribute is set to the same value as its
   ``__name__`` attribute.

.. versionadded:: 3.3

.. c:function:: PyObject* PyFunction_GetCode(PyObject *op)

Return the code object associated with the function object *op*.

.. c:function:: PyObject* PyFunction_GetGlobals(PyObject *op)

Return the globals dictionary associated with the function object *op*.

.. c:function:: PyObject* PyFunction_GetModule(PyObject *op)

Return a :term:`borrowed reference` to the *__module__* attribute of the
   function object *op*. It can be *NULL*.

This is normally a string containing the module name, but can be set to any
   other object by Python code.

.. c:function:: PyObject* PyFunction_GetDefaults(PyObject *op)

Return the argument default values of the function object *op*. This can be a
   tuple of arguments or ``NULL``.

.. c:function:: int PyFunction_SetDefaults(PyObject *op, PyObject *defaults)

Set the argument default values for the function object *op*. *defaults* must be
   ``Py_None`` or a tuple.

Raises :exc:`SystemError` and returns ``-1`` on failure.

.. c:function:: PyObject* PyFunction_GetClosure(PyObject *op)

Return the closure associated with the function object *op*. This can be ``NULL``
   or a tuple of cell objects.

.. c:function:: int PyFunction_SetClosure(PyObject *op, PyObject *closure)

Set the closure associated with the function object *op*. *closure* must be
   ``Py_None`` or a tuple of cell objects.

Raises :exc:`SystemError` and returns ``-1`` on failure.

.. c:function:: PyObject *PyFunction_GetAnnotations(PyObject *op)

Return the annotations of the function object *op*. This can be a
   mutable dictionary or ``NULL``.

.. c:function:: int PyFunction_SetAnnotations(PyObject *op, PyObject *annotations)

Set the annotations for the function object *op*. *annotations*
   must be a dictionary or ``Py_None``.

Raises :exc:`SystemError` and returns ``-1`` on failure.